The cosmic QCD phase transition with dense matter and its gravitational waves from holography

TL;DR

This paper explores the cosmic QCD phase transition with dense matter using holographic models, analyzing the resulting gravitational wave spectra from bubble collisions during a first-order phase transition.

Contribution

It introduces a holographic approach to model the QCD phase transition with finite baryochemical potential and predicts gravitational wave signals from bubble dynamics.

Findings

First-order Hawking-Page phase transition identified in holographic models

Gravitational wave spectra calculated for various bubble wall velocities

Assessment of scenario reliability with gravitational wave experiment prospects

Abstract

Consistent with cosmological constraints, there are scenarios with the large lepton asymmetry which can lead to the finite baryochemical potential at the cosmic QCD phase transition scale. In this paper, we investigate this possibility in the holographic models. Using the holographic renormalization method, we find the first order Hawking-Page phase transition, between Reissner-Nordstr$\rm\ddot{o}$m AdS black hole and thermal charged AdS space, corresponding to the de/confinement phase transition. We obtain the gravitational wave spectra generated during the evolution of bubbles for a range of the bubble wall velocity and examine the reliability of the scenarios and consequent calculations by gravitational wave experiments.