Symmetry energies for $A = 24$ and $48$ and the USD and KB3 shell model Hamiltonians

TL;DR

This study revisits shell model calculations for specific nuclei, analyzing how the symmetry spectrum and related measures change when parts of the two-nucleon interaction are modified, revealing that observed effects are mainly due to spectrum narrowing.

Contribution

It provides an extended analysis of symmetry energies in sd and pf shells, clarifying the relationship between the Wigner term and the symmetry spectrum's width.

Findings

The width of the symmetry spectrum decreases significantly when the zero isospin interaction is turned off.

The decrease in the Wigner term is mainly due to spectrum narrowing, not an independent interaction effect.

Qualitative explanations support the link between spectrum width and the Wigner term variation.

Abstract

Calculations in the sd and pf shells reported some time ago by Satu\l a\etal\ [Phys.~Lett.~B~407, 103 (1997)] are redone for an extended analysis of the results. As in the original work, we do calculations for one mass number in each shell and consider in each case the sequence of lowest energies for isospins 0, 2, and 4, briefly the symmetry spectrum. Following further the original work we study how this spectrum changes when parts of the two-nucleon interaction are turned off. The variation of its width is explored in detail. A differential combination $\epsilon_\text{W}$ of the three energies was taken in the original work as a measure of the so-called Wigner term in semi-empirical mass formulas, and it was found to decrease drastically when the two-nucleon interaction in the channel of zero isospin is turned off. Our analysis shows that the width of the symmetry spectrum experiences an equally drastic decrease, which can be explained qualitatively in terms of schematic approximations. We therefore suggest that the decrease of $\epsilon_\text{W}$ be seen mainly as a side effect of a narrowing of the symmetry spectrum rather than an independent manifestation of the two-nucleon interaction in the channel of zero isospin.