Conformal-symmetry wormholes supported by a perfect fluid

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new wormhole solution supported by a perfect fluid with a specific equation of state, showing that dark matter could theoretically sustain traversable wormholes under certain conditions.

Contribution

It presents a novel wormhole model with conformal symmetry supported by a perfect fluid with anisotropic pressures, expanding the understanding of matter sources capable of supporting wormholes.

Findings

Wormholes are supported when the equation of state parameter $\,\omega$ is either less than -1 or between 0 and 1.

Dark matter with $0<\omega<1$ can support traversable wormholes.

The model links conformal symmetry with anisotropic fluid distributions in wormhole spacetimes.

Abstract

This paper presents a new wormhole solution by assuming that a homogeneously distributed fluid with equation of state $p=\omega\rho$ can be adapted to an anisotropic spacetime such as a wormhole and that this spacetime admits a one-parameter group of conformal motions. The pressure $p$ in the equation of state becomes the lateral pressure $p_t$ instead of the radial pressure $p_r$, as assumed in previous studies. Given that $p_t=\omega\rho$, $p_r$ is then determined from the Einstein field equations. A wormhole solution can be obtained only if $\omega <-1$ or $0<\omega <1$. Since the former case corresponds to phantom dark energy, which has been the subject of earlier studies, we concentrate mainly on the latter. This case implies that given the above conditions, dark matter can support traversable wormholes.