In-operando quantitation of Li concentration for commercial Li-ion rechargeable battery using high-energy X-ray Compton scattering

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel in-operando method using high-energy X-ray Compton scattering and S-parameter analysis to quantitatively measure lithium concentration changes in commercial Li-ion batteries during charge and discharge cycles.

Contribution

The study develops and applies a new S-parameter analysis technique for real-time quantification of lithium in commercial batteries using high-energy X-ray Compton scattering.

Findings

Successfully measured Li concentration variation during charge/discharge.

Demonstrated the method's applicability to commercial coin cell batteries.

Provided real-time insights into electrode lithium dynamics.

Abstract

Compton scattering is one of the promising probe to quantitate of the Li under in-operando condition, since high-energy X-rays which have high penetration power into the materials are used as incident beam and Compton scattered energy spectrum have specific line-shape by the elements. We develop in-operando quantitation method of Li composition in the electrodes by using line-shape (Sparameter) analysis of Compton scattered energy spectrum. In this study, we apply S-parameter analysis to commercial coin cell Li-ion rechargeable battery and obtain the variation of S-parameters during charge/discharge cycle at positive and negative electrodes. By using calibration curves for Li composition in the electrodes, we determine the change of Li composition of positive and negative electrodes through S-parameters, simultaneously.