Light-nuclei spectra from chiral dynamics

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that chiral effective field theory, combined with quantum Monte Carlo methods, accurately predicts light nuclei spectra and level ordering, supporting the fundamental nucleon-based nuclear model.

Contribution

It shows that two- and three-body chiral interactions fitted to few-nucleon data can reliably predict spectra of nuclei with mass numbers 4 to 12.

Findings

Predictions agree with experimental data within 2% of binding energy.

Chiral interactions accurately reproduce level ordering in light nuclei.

Supports the validity of the basic nucleon-based nuclear model.

Abstract

A major goal of nuclear theory is to explain the spectra and stability of nuclei in terms of effective many-body interactions amongst the nucleus' constituents-the nucleons, i.e., protons and neutrons. Such an approach, referred to below as the basic model of nuclear theory, is formulated in terms of point-like nucleons, which emerge as effective degrees of freedom, at sufficiently low energy, as a result of a decimation process, starting from the fundamental quarks and gluons, described by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). A systematic way to account for the constraints imposed by the symmetries of QCD, in particular chiral symmetry, is provided by chiral effective field theory, in the framework of a low-energy expansion. Here we show, in quantum Monte Carlo calculations accurate to $\leq\!2\%$ of the binding energy, that two- and three-body chiral interactions fitted {\sl only} to bound- and scattering-state observables in, respectively, the two- and three-nucleon sectors, lead to predictions for the energy levels and level ordering of nuclei in the mass range $A\,$=$\,$4-12 in very satisfactory agreement with experimental data. Our findings provide strong support for the fundamental assumptions of the basic model, and pave the way to its systematic application to the electroweak structure and response of these systems as well as to more complex nuclei.