# A fourth order gauge-invariant gradient plasticity model for polycrystals based on Kr\"oner's incompatibility tensor

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel fourth order gauge-invariant gradient plasticity model for polycrystals, incorporating Kröner's incompatibility tensor and a new rotational invariance concept called micro-randomness, with proven existence results.

## Contribution

It develops a new gauge-invariant gradient plasticity model based on Kröner's incompatibility tensor, including a novel rotational invariance condition for polycrystals.

## Key findings

- Model features a defect energy quadratic in inc(εp)
- Introduces micro-randomness invariance for polycrystals
- Proves existence of solutions for a regularized model

## Abstract

In this paper we derive a novel fourth order gauge-invariant phenomenological model of infinitesimal rate-independent gradient plasticity with isotropic hardening and Kr\"oner's incompatibility tensor $inc(\epsilon_p):= Curl[(Curl \epsilon_p)^T]$, where $\epsilon_p=sym p$ is the symmetric infinitesimal plastic strain tensor and $p$ is the (non-symmetric) infinitesimal plastic distortion. Here, gauge-invariance denotes invariance under diffeomorphic reparametrizations of the reference configuration, suitably adapted to the geometrically linear setting. The model features a defect energy contribution which is quadratic in the tensor $inc(\epsilon_p)$ and it contains isotropic hardening based on the rate of the symmetric infinitesimal plastic strain tensor $\dot{\epsilon_p}$. We motivate the new model by introducing a novel rotational invariance requirement in gradient plasticity, which we call micro-randomness, suitable for the description of polycrystalline aggregates on a mesoscopic scale and not coinciding with classical isotropy requirements. This new condition effectively reduces the increments of the non-symmetric infinitesimal plastic distortion $\dot{p}$ to their symmetric counterpart $\dot{\epsilon_p}$. In the polycrystalline case, this condition is a statement about insensitivity to arbitrary superposed grain rotations. We formulate a mathematical existence result for a suitably regularized non-gauge-invariant model. The regularized model is rather invariant under reparametrizations of the reference configuration including infinitesimal conformal mappings.