Selection first path to the origin of life

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel origin of life hypothesis based on simple chemical selection processes, demonstrating how repeated environmental cycles can amplify specific molecular species without complex machinery.

Contribution

It introduces a new selection-first hypothesis for the origin of life, emphasizing simple physical and chemical processes over complex enzymatic systems.

Findings

Repeated sequestration leads to selective amplification of certain molecules.

Simple environmental cycles can drive molecular selection without enzymatic machinery.

The model provides a plausible pathway for primordial molecular evolution.

Abstract

We propose an alternative to the prevailing two origin of life narratives, one based on a replicator first hypothesis, and one based on a metabolism first hypothesis. Both hypotheses have known difficulties: All known evolvable molecular replicators such as RNA require complex chemical (enzymatic) machinery for the replication process. Likewise, contemporary cellular metabolisms require several enzymatically catalyzed steps, and it is difficult to identify a non-enzymatic path to their realization. We propose that there must have been precursors to both replication and metabolism that enable a form of selection to take place through action of simple chemical and physical processes. We model a concrete example of such a process, repeated sequestration of binary molecular combinations after exposure to an environment with a broad distribution of chemical components, as might be realized experimentally in in a repeated wet-dry cycle. We show that the repeated sequestration dynamics results in a selective amplification of a very small subset of molecular species present in the environment, thus providing a candidate primordial selection process.