TL;DR
This paper reviews the current state of social bots, highlighting their capabilities and potential risks as AI advances enable the creation of highly convincing, multi-modal, human-like social bots for deception and influence campaigns.
Contribution
It provides an overview of impersonation bots, discusses recent AI advancements, and emphasizes the potential for powerful, multi-modal social bots to be used in deceptive campaigns.
Findings
Most existing bots are simple and not highly deceptive.
Recent AI progress enables creation of human-like, multi-modal social bots.
Potential for coordinated deception campaigns using advanced social bots.
Abstract
This paper gives an overview of impersonation bots that generate output in one, or possibly, multiple modalities. We also discuss rapidly advancing areas of machine learning and artificial intelligence that could lead to frighteningly powerful new multi-modal social bots. Our main conclusion is that most commonly known bots are one dimensional (i.e., chatterbot), and far from deceiving serious interrogators. However, using recent advances in machine learning, it is possible to unleash incredibly powerful, human-like armies of social bots, in potentially well coordinated campaigns of deception and influence.
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Taxonomy
TopicsAdversarial Robustness in Machine Learning · Misinformation and Its Impacts · Advanced Malware Detection Techniques