# The reactions $\pi\pi\rightarrow\pi\pi$ and $\gamma\gamma\rightarrow\pi\pi$ in $\chi$PT with an isosinglet scalar resonance

## TL;DR

This paper extends chiral perturbation theory by explicitly including the sigma meson to better describe pion interactions and gamma-gamma to pion-pion reactions, achieving good agreement with experimental data.

## Contribution

It introduces an augmented chiral perturbation theory with an explicit sigma meson, improving the description of low-energy pion interactions and related reactions.

## Key findings

- Reproduces sigma meson pole position and scattering lengths
- Matches experimental data up to 0.5 GeV energy
- Maintains Ward identity in gamma-gamma to pion-pion amplitude

## Abstract

The lowest-lying resonance in the QCD spectrum is the $0^{++}$ isoscalar $\sigma$ meson, also known as the $f_0(500)$. We augment SU(2) chiral perturbation theory ($\chi$PT) by including the $\sigma$ meson as an additional explicit degree of freedom, as proposed by Soto, Talavera, and Tarr\'us and others. In this effective field theory, denoted $\chi$PT$_S$, the $\sigma$ meson's well-established mass and decay width are not sufficient to properly renormalize its self energy. At $\mathcal{O}(p^4)$ another low-energy constant appears in the dressed $\sigma$-meson propagator; we adjust it so that the isoscalar pion-pion scattering length is also reproduced. We compare the resulting amplitudes for the $\pi\pi\rightarrow\pi\pi$ and $\gamma\gamma\rightarrow\pi\pi$ reactions to data from threshold through the energies at which the $\sigma$-meson resonance affects observables. The leading-order (LO) $\pi \pi$ amplitude reproduces the $\sigma$-meson pole position, the isoscalar $\pi \pi$ scattering lengths and $\pi \pi$ scattering and $\gamma \gamma \rightarrow \pi \pi$ data up to $\sqrt{s} \approx 0.5$ GeV. It also yields a $\gamma\gamma\rightarrow\pi\pi$ amplitude that obeys the Ward identity. The value obtained for the $\pi^0$ polarizability is, however, only slightly larger than that obtained in standard $\chi$PT.