# New ultra metal-poor stars from SDSS: follow-up GTC medium-resolution spectroscopy

## TL;DR

This study identifies and characterizes ultra metal-poor stars from SDSS spectra using follow-up GTC spectroscopy, revealing stars with extremely low metallicities and carbon enhancements, thus providing insights into the early Galaxy's stellar populations.

## Contribution

It demonstrates a method to reliably determine metallicities and carbon abundances from modest-resolution spectra, expanding the sample of known ultra metal-poor stars.

## Key findings

- Confirmed five ultra metal-poor stars with [Fe/H]<-3.3
- Discovered a carbon-enhanced star with [Fe/H]=-4.3 and [C/Fe]=+3.1
- Validated the analysis methodology with a known extremely metal-poor star

## Abstract

Context. The first generation of stars formed in the Galaxy left behind the chemical signatures of their nucleosynthesis in the interstellar medium, visible today in the atmospheres of low-mass stars formed afterwards. Sampling the chemistry of low-mass provides insight into the first stars. Aims. We aim to increase the samples of stars with extremely low metal abundances, identifying ultra metal-poor stars from spectra with modest spectral resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). Achieving this goal involves deriving reliable metallicities and carbon abundances from such spectra. Methods. We carry-out follow-up observations of faint, V>19, metal-poor candidates selected from SDSS spectroscopy and observed with OSIRIS at GTC. The SDSS and follow-up OSIRIS spectra have been analyzed using the FERRE code to derive effective temperatures, surface gravities, metallicities and carbon abundances. In addition, a well-known extremely metal-poor star has been included in our sample to calibrate the analysis methodology. Results. We have observed and analyzed five metal-poor candidates from modest-quality SDSS spectra. All stars in our sample have been confirmed as extremely metal-poor stars, in the [Fe/H]<-3.3 regime. We report the recognition of J173403+644632, a carbon-enhanced ultra metal-poor dwarf star with [Fe/H]=-4.3 and [C/Fe]=+3.1.