Fabrication, detection and operation of a three-dimensional nanomagnetic conduit

TL;DR

This paper presents a novel 3D nanomagnetic system fabricated via nano-printing and vapour deposition, enabling domain wall control and measurement, advancing the development of 3D magnetic memory and logic devices.

Contribution

It introduces a new fabrication method for 3D nanomagnetic conduits and a magneto-optical measurement technique for their characterization.

Findings

Successful creation of 3D nanomagnetic conduits

Controlled trapping of magnetic domains using vector fields

Parallel measurement of 3D nanostructure regions

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) nanomagnetic devices such as the vertical racetrack memory have attracted a huge interest due to their potential for memory and logic applications. However, their implementation has not been realised due to great challenges regarding fabrication and characterisation of 3D nanostructures. Here, we show a 3D nanomagnetic system created by 3D nano-printing and physical vapour deposition, which acts a conduit for domain walls. Domains formed at the substrate level are injected into a 3D nanowire, where they are controllably trapped using vectorial magnetic fields. A dark-field magneto-optical method for parallel, independent measurement of different regions in individual 3D nanostructures is also demonstrated. This work opens a new route for the advanced study and exploitation of 3D nanomagnetic systems.