# Field- and temperature-modulated spin-diode effect in a GMR nanowire with dipolar coupling

## TL;DR

This paper presents an analytical model for the spin-diode effect in GMR nanowires with dipolar coupling, incorporating temperature and field modulation effects, validated by experiments on Co/Cu/Co spin valves.

## Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive analytical model that accounts for temperature-dependent magnetic properties and thermal spin-transfer torques in GMR nanowires under modulation.

## Key findings

- Temperature modulation enhances signal-to-noise ratio.
- Model accurately predicts resonance frequencies and lineshapes.
- High-frequency modulation is feasible due to low heat capacity.

## Abstract

An analytical model of the spin-diode effect induced by resonant spin-transfer torque in a ferromagnetic bilayer with strong dipolar coupling provides the resonance frequencies and the lineshapes of the magnetic field spectra obtained under field or laser-light modulation. The effect of laser irradiation is accounted for by introducing the temperature dependence of the saturation magnetization and anisotropy, as well as thermal spin-transfer torques. The predictions of the model are compared with experimental data obtained with single Co/Cu/Co spin valves, embedded in nanowires and produced by electrodeposition. Temperature modulation provides excellent signal-to-noise ratio. High temperature-modulation frequency is possible because these nanostructures have a very small heat capacity and are only weakly heat-sunk. The two forms of modulation give rise to qualitative differences in the spectra that are accounted for by the model.