# Automatic detection of white-light flare kernels in SDO/HMI intensitygrams

## TL;DR

This paper presents an automated method for detecting white-light flare kernels in SDO/HMI intensity data, aiming to better understand flare emissions, but finds potential artifacts in the data processing.

## Contribution

Developed and tested an automatic detection code for white-light flare kernels in SDO/HMI data, adaptable to various datasets.

## Key findings

- Detected flare kernels using the developed code.
- Indicated possible artifacts in HMI intensity brightenings.
- Method can be applied to other datasets with minimal adjustments.

## Abstract

Solar flares with a broadband emission in the white-light range of the electromagnetic spectrum belong to most enigmatic phenomena on the Sun. The origin of the white-light emission is not entirely understood. We aim to systematically study the visible-light emission connected to solar flares in SDO/HMI observations. We developed a code for automatic detection of kernels of flares with HMI intensity brightenings and study properties of detected candidates. The code was tuned and tested and with a little effort, it could be applied to any suitable data set. By studying a few flare examples, we found indication that HMI intensity brightening might be an artefact of the simplified procedure used to compute HMI observables.