# Fermionic approach to weighted Hurwitz numbers and topological recursion

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a fermionic framework for weighted Hurwitz numbers and topological recursion, deriving new formulas and spectral curves that unify various special cases and connect to quantum geometry.

## Contribution

It provides a novel fermionic representation for generating functions, correlators, and spectral curves in the theory of weighted Hurwitz numbers and topological recursion.

## Key findings

- Derived recursion relations for adapted bases and duals
- Established Christoffel-Darboux formula for pair correlator
- Connected quantum and classical spectral curves with topological recursion

## Abstract

A fermionic representation is given for all the quantities entering in the generating function approach to weighted Hurwitz numbers and topological recursion. This includes: KP and 2D Toda $\tau$-functions of hypergeometric type, which serve as generating functions for weighted single and double Hurwitz numbers; the Baker function, which is expanded in an adapted basis obtained by applying the same dressing transformation to all vacuum basis elements; the multipair correlators and the multicurrent correlators. Multiplicative and differential recursion relations are deduced for the adapted bases and their duals, and a Christoffel-Darboux type formula is derived for the pair correlator. The quantum and classical spectral curves linking this theory with the topological recursion programme are derived, as well as the generalized cut and join equations. The results are detailed for four special cases: the simple single and double Hurwitz numbers, the weakly monotone case, corresponding to signed enumeration of coverings, the strongly monotone case, corresponding to Belyi curves and the simplest version of quantum weighted Hurwitz numbers.