# Improved User Tracking in 5G Millimeter Wave Mobile Networks via Refinement Operations

## TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel channel tracking scheme for 5G mmWave networks that improves data rates and energy efficiency by refining steering directions periodically, especially in highly variable environments.

## Contribution

It introduces an innovative tracking method with periodic refinements and compares its performance to existing approaches in dynamic mmWave conditions.

## Key findings

- Enhanced data rate performance in unstable environments
- Reduced energy consumption through refined tracking
- Superior robustness in highly variable channels

## Abstract

The millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies offer the availability of huge bandwidths to provide unprecedented data rates to next-generation cellular mobile terminals. However, directional mmWave links are highly susceptible to rapid channel variations and suffer from severe isotropic pathloss. To face these impairments, this paper addresses the issue of tracking the channel quality of a moving user, an essential procedure for rate prediction, efficient handover and periodic monitoring and adaptation of the user's transmission configuration. The performance of an innovative tracking scheme, in which periodic refinements of the optimal steering direction are alternated to sparser refresh events, are analyzed in terms of both achievable data rate and energy consumption, and compared to those of a state-of-the-art approach. We aim at understanding in which circumstances the proposed scheme is a valid option to provide a robust and efficient mobility management solution. We show that our procedure is particularly well suited to highly variant and unstable mmWave environments.