Evidence for Scale Factor Oscillations Observed in the Large Scale Structure of the Universe

TL;DR

This paper provides evidence of periodic oscillations in the universe's scale factor at large scales, observed through galaxy clustering data and Fourier analysis, supporting a model involving dark matter scalar fields.

Contribution

It presents two independent analyses of galaxy data showing oscillations in the scale factor, with a novel Fourier analysis confirming a 7-cycle signal at high confidence.

Findings

Galaxy number counts show significant bumps consistent with oscillations.

Fourier analysis reveals a dominant 7-cycle signal with high signal-to-noise ratio.

Model predicts a second peak at higher redshift, awaiting future confirmation.

Abstract

We present two independent analyses as further evidence that galaxy clustering at scales of 500 Mpc and greater has a periodic time component induced by oscillations in the scale factor at a frequency of approximately 7 cycles over one Hubble time. The scale factor oscillations were discovered in previous work by analyzing the Hubble diagram for type 1a SNe data. In the present work we analyze galaxy number count data from SDSSIII-BOSS, DR9 using a simple oscillating expanding space model and also perform a Fourier analysis of the same SDSSIII data set . The number distribution of galaxies on these scales should be relatively smooth. However, a DR9 plot of galaxy number count per 0.01 redshift bin as a function of redshift shows significant bumps to redshift 0.5. Later releases show the same behavior. Our model fits essentially all bumps at 99.8% confidence once the oscillation is included. A Fourier analysis of the same number count vs. redshift data (processed only to convert redshift to equal time bins) clearly shows the dominant 7-cycle signal at 15/1 signal-to-noise ratio. The DR9 galaxy number count peaks near redshift 0.5 and then falls off due to target magnitude limitations. In our model we assume ideal observation to all redshifts. The oscillation model displays a matching peak at redshift 0.5, then falls, but continues on to rise predicting a second peak at redshift 0.64. Confirmation of the second peak from future SDSSIV data to higher redshift would further support our observation of oscillations in the scale factor. The oscillations may derive from a scalar field model of dark matter as shown in our earlier work.