# Critical Parameters, Thermodynamic Functions, and Shock Hugoniot of Aluminum Fluid at High Energy Density

## TL;DR

This paper models the thermodynamic properties and shock behavior of hot dense aluminum plasma, accounting for complex plasma interactions and ionization effects, and compares predictions with experimental data.

## Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive chemical model that includes multiple ionization, Coulomb interactions, and partial degeneracy to predict aluminum plasma properties under high energy density conditions.

## Key findings

- Identification of a third kink in the Hugoniot curve due to M shell ionization.
- Model predictions align with experimental measurements.
- Highlights the importance of ionization and plasma interactions in high energy density aluminum.

## Abstract

We present estimates of the critical properties, thermodynamic functions, and principal shock Hugoniot of hot dense aluminum fluid as predicted from a chemical model for the equation-of-state of hot dense, partially ionized and partially degenerate plasma. The essential features of strongly coupled plasma of metal vapors, such as multiple ionization, Coulomb interactions among charged particles, partial degeneracy, and intensive short range hard core repulsion are taken into consideration. Internal partition functions of neutral, excited, and multiply ionized species are carefully evaluated in a statistical-mechanically consistent way. Results predicted from the present model are presented, analyzed and compared with available experimental measurements and other predictions in the literature. A distinct feature of the predictions of the present model is the appearance of a third kink in the Hugoniot curve at a weaker shock strength which can be attributed to the successive ionization of the three electrons in the M shell.

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/1705.11033