# Adaptive Estimation of the Neural Activation Extent in Computational Volume Conductor Models of Deep Brain Stimulation

## TL;DR

This paper introduces an adaptive, open-source Python method for efficiently estimating neural activation extents in deep brain stimulation models, accounting for patient-specific tissue properties and reducing computational costs.

## Contribution

It presents a novel adaptive scheme embedded in an open-source environment for estimating neural activation in DBS models, incorporating tissue properties and axon parameters.

## Key findings

- Neural activation extent varies with dielectric tissue properties.
- Threshold-based estimates significantly reduce computational time.
- Patient-specific tissue properties influence activation extents.

## Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to propose an adaptive scheme embedded into an open-source environment for the estimation of the neural activation extent during deep brain stimulation and to investigate the feasibility of approximating the neural activation extent by thresholds of the field solution. Methods: Open-source solutions for solving the field equation in volume conductor models of deep brain stimulation and computing the neural activation are embedded into a Python package to estimate the neural activation dependent on the dielectric tissue properties and axon parameters by employing a spatially adaptive scheme. Feasibility of the approximation of the neural activation extent by field thresholds is investigated to further reduce the computational expense. Results: The varying extents of neural activation for different patient-specific dielectric properties were estimated with the adaptive scheme. The results revealed the strong influence of the dielectric properties of the encapsulation layer in the acute and chronic phase after surgery. The computational time required to determine the neural activation extent in each studied model case was substantially reduced. Conclusion: The neural activation extent is altered by patient-specific parameters. Threshold values of the electric potential and electric field norm facilitate a computationally efficient method to estimate the neural activation extent. Significance: The presented adaptive scheme is able to robustly determine neural activation extents and field threshold estimates for varying dielectric tissue properties and axon diameters while reducing substantially the computational expense.