# Rayleigh anomalies and disorder-induced mixing of polarizations at nanoscale in amorphous solids. Testing 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride glass

## TL;DR

This study investigates how Rayleigh anomalies and nanoscale disorder cause polarization mixing in acoustic excitations within amorphous solids, combining experimental data with a theoretical model for comprehensive understanding.

## Contribution

The paper introduces a quantitative analytical model based on Random Media Theory that accurately describes Rayleigh anomalies and polarization mixing in nanoscale disordered glasses.

## Key findings

- Excellent agreement between theory and experiment.
- Identification of polarization mixing effects in the dynamic structure factor.
- Validation of the model for transverse acoustic dynamics.

## Abstract

Acoustic excitations in topologically disordered media at mesoscale present anomalous features with respect to the Debye's theory. In a three-dimensional medium an acoustic excitation is characterized by its phase velocity, intensity and polarization. The so-called Rayleigh anomalies, which manifest in attenuation and retardation of the acoustic excitations, affect the first two properties. The topological disorder is, however, expected to influence also the third one. Acoustic excitations with a well-defined polarization in the continuum limit present indeed a so-called mixing of polarizations at nanoscale, as attested by experimental observations and Molecular Dynamics simulations. We provide a comprehensive experimental characterization of acoustic dynamics properties of a selected glass, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride glass, whose heterogeneous structure at nanoscale is well-assessed. Distinctive features, which can be related to the occurrence of the Rayleigh anomalies and of the mixing of polarizations are observed. We develop, in the framework of the Random Media Theory, an analytical model that allows a quantitative description of all the Rayleigh anomalies and the mixing of polarizations. Contrast between theoretical and experimental features for the selected glass reveals an excellent agreement. The quantitative theoretical approach permits thus to demonstrate how the mixing of polarizations generates distinctive feature in the dynamic structure factor of glasses and to unambiguously identify them. The robustness of the proposed theoretical approach is validated by its ability to describe as well transverse acoustic dynamics.