# Benchmarking integrated photonic architectures

## TL;DR

This paper provides a comprehensive comparison of three main integrated photonic architectures for quantum information processing, analyzing their performance under realistic conditions including losses and imperfections, to guide future large-scale implementations.

## Contribution

It offers the first unified, quantitative analysis of triangular, square, and fast transformation photonic architectures considering realistic imperfections.

## Key findings

- Triangular and square designs show different robustness to losses.
- Fast transformations offer advantages in certain operational regimes.
- Results guide optimal architecture choice for scalable quantum photonic devices.

## Abstract

Photonic platforms represent a promising technology for the realization of several quantum communication protocols and for experiments of quantum simulation. Moreover, large-scale integrated interferometers have recently gained a relevant role for restricted models of quantum computing, specifically with Boson Sampling devices. Indeed, various linear optical schemes have been proposed for the implementation of unitary transformations, each one suitable for a specific task. Notwithstanding, so far a comprehensive analysis of the state of the art under broader and realistic conditions is still lacking. In the present work we address this gap, providing in a unified framework a quantitative comparison of the three main photonic architectures, namely the ones with triangular and square designs and the so-called fast transformations. All layouts have been analyzed in presence of losses and imperfect control over the reflectivities and phases of the inner structure. Our results represent a further step ahead towards the implementation of quantum information protocols on large-scale integrated photonic devices.