# Numerical calculations on the relative entanglement entropy in critical spin chains

## TL;DR

This paper numerically and analytically investigates the relative entanglement entropy among primary excited states in critical spin chains, confirming conformal field theory predictions with high accuracy.

## Contribution

It provides the first direct numerical confirmation of CFT predictions for the relative EE of primary excited states in critical spin chains, relating different models analytically and verifying numerically.

## Key findings

- Numerical results agree with CFT predictions for the XXZ chain.
- Analytical relation established between Ising and XXZ chain relative EE.
- Sandwiched R'enyi relative EE matches analytical predictions.

## Abstract

We study the relative entanglement entropy (EE) among various primary excited states in two critical spin chains: the S=1/2 XXZ chain and the transverse field Ising chain at criticality. For the S=1/2 XXZ chain, which corresponds to c=1 free boson conformal field theory (CFT), we numerically calculate the relative EE by exact diagonalization and find a perfect agreement with the predictions by the CFT. For the transverse field Ising chain at criticality, which corresponds to the c=1/2 Ising CFT, we analytically relate its relative EE to that of the S=1/2 XXZ chain and confirm the relation numerically. We also calculate the "sandwiched" R\'enyi relative EE and again the numerical results agree well with the analytical predictions. Our results are the first direct confirmation of the CFT predictions on the relative EE of the primary excited states in critical spin chains.