# Future constraints on halo thermodynamics from combined Sunyaev-Zel'dovich measurements

## TL;DR

This paper proposes a method to constrain the thermodynamic properties of baryons in halos by combining kinetic and thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich measurements, enabling detailed tests of galaxy evolution models.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel approach to jointly analyze kSZ and tSZ data to constrain halo thermodynamics across redshifts, improving understanding of feedback processes.

## Key findings

- Current experiments can measure baryonic profiles with percent-level precision.
- Forecasts show >100σ detection significance when combining kSZ and tSZ data.
- Next-generation CMB experiments will enable detailed, redshift-dependent thermodynamic constraints.

## Abstract

The improving sensitivity of measurements of the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect opens a new window into the thermodynamic properties of the baryons in halos. We propose a methodology to constrain these thermodynamic properties by combining the kinetic SZ, which is an unbiased probe of the free electron density, and the thermal SZ, which probes their thermal pressure. We forecast that our method constrains the average thermodynamic processes that govern the energetics of galaxy evolution like energetic feedback across all redshift ranges where viable halos sample are available. Current Stage-3 cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments like AdvACT and SPT-3G can measure the kSZ and tSZ to greater than 100$\sigma$ if combined with a DESI-like spectroscopic survey. Such measurements translate into percent-level constraints on the baryonic density and pressure profiles and on the feedback and non-thermal pressure support parameters for a given ICM model. This in turn will provide critical thermodynamic tests for sub-grid models of feedback in cosmological simulations of galaxy formation. The high fidelity measurements promised by the next generation CMB experiment, CMB-S4, allow one to further sub-divide these constraints beyond redshift into other classifications, like stellar mass or galaxy type.