A New Condition for the Concavity Method of Blow-up Solutions to Semilinear Heat Equations

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new condition that enhances the concavity method for analyzing blow-up solutions in semilinear heat equations, broadening the applicability of existing criteria.

Contribution

It proposes a novel condition (C) that improves upon previous criteria for blow-up solutions using the concavity method in semilinear heat equations.

Findings

The new condition (C) extends the class of nonlinearities for which blow-up can be proved.

The method applies to bounded domains with smooth boundaries.

It provides sharper criteria for blow-up compared to earlier results.

Abstract

In this paper, we consider the semilinear heat equations under Dirichlet boundary condition \[ u_{t}\left(x,t\right)=\Delta u\left(x,t\right)+f(u(x,t)), & \left(x,t\right)\in \Omega\times\left(0,+\infty\right), u\left(x,t\right)=0, & \left(x,t\right)\in\partial \Omega\times\left[0,+\infty\right), u\left(x,0\right)=u_{0}\geq0, & x\in\overline{\Omega}, \] where $\Omega$ is a bounded domain of $\mathbb{R}^{N}$ $(N\geq1)$ with smooth boundary $\partial\Omega$. The main contribution of our work is to introduce a new condition \[ (C) \alpha \int_{0}^{u}f(s)ds \leq uf(u)+\beta u^{2}+\gamma,\,\,u>0 \] for some $\alpha, \beta, \gamma>0$ with $0<\beta\leq\frac{\left(\alpha-2\right)\lambda_{0}}{2}$, where $\lambda_{0}$ is the first eigenvalue of Laplacian $\Delta$, and we use the concavity method to obtain the blow-up solutions to the semilinear heat equations. In fact, it will be seen that the condition (C) improves the conditions known so far.