# Doppler-free resolution near-infrared spectroscopy at 1.28~$\mu$m with the noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy method

## TL;DR

This paper demonstrates Doppler-free saturation spectroscopy of N₂O at 1.28 μm using NICE-OHMS with a quantum-dot laser, achieving high resolution and stability, and highlighting potential applications in molecular markers and optical communications.

## Contribution

First saturation spectroscopy of molecular overtone transitions near 1.3 μm using NICE-OHMS with a quantum-dot laser, achieving high finesse, stability, and resolution.

## Key findings

- Achieved saturation dip with 2 MHz linewidth and SNR of 71.
- Locked QD laser to dispersion signal with 15 kHz stability.
- First demonstration of overtone saturation spectroscopy in this spectral region.

## Abstract

We report on the Doppler-free saturation spectroscopy of the nitrous oxide (N$_2$O) overtone transition at 1.28~$\mu$m. This measurement is performed by the noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy (NICE-OHMS) technique based on the quantum-dot (QD) laser. A high intra-cavity power, up to 10~W, reaches the saturation limit of the overtone line using an optical cavity with a high finesse of 113,500. At a pressure of several mTorr, the saturation dip is observed with a full width at half-maximum of about 2~MHz and a signal-to-noise ratio of 71. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first saturation spectroscopy of molecular overtone transitions in 1.3~$\mu$m region. The QD laser is then locked to this dispersion signal with a stability of 15 kHz at 1 sec integration time. We demonstrate the potential of the N$_2$O as markers because of its particularly rich spectrum at the vicinity of 1.28-1.30 $\mu$m where lies several important forbidden transitions of atomic parity violation measurements and the 1.3 $\mu$m O-band of optical communication.