# Next-to-leading-order QCD and electroweak corrections to WWW production at proton-proton colliders

## TL;DR

This paper calculates the NLO electroweak and QCD corrections to WWW production at proton-proton colliders, highlighting their impact on cross sections and distributions, and discusses uncertainties from photon PDFs and collider energies.

## Contribution

It provides the first combined NLO electroweak and QCD corrections to WWW production, including real photon-induced processes and PDF uncertainties.

## Key findings

- Electroweak corrections are 5-10% for total cross sections.
- Photon-induced processes are significant and can be mitigated by phase-space cuts.
- Uncertainties from photon PDFs and collider energy are analyzed.

## Abstract

Triple-W-boson production in proton-proton collisions allows for a direct access to the triple and quartic gauge couplings and provides a window to the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking. It is an important process to test the Standard Model (SM) and might be background to physics beyond the SM. We present a calculation of the next-to-leading order (NLO) electroweak corrections to the production of WWW final states at proton-proton colliders with on-shell W bosons and combine the electroweak with the NLO QCD corrections. We study the impact of the corrections to the integrated cross sections and to kinematic distributions of the W bosons. The electroweak corrections are generically of the size of 5-10% for integrated cross sections and become more pronounced in specific phase-space regions. The real corrections induced by quark-photon scattering turn out to be as important as electroweak loops and photon bremsstrahlung corrections, but can be reduced by phase-space cuts. Considering that prior determinations of the photon parton distribution function (PDF) involve rather large uncertainties, we compare the results obtained with different photon PDFs and discuss the corresponding uncertainties in the NLO predictions. Moreover, we determine the scale and total PDF uncertainties at the LHC and a possible future 100 TeV pp collider.