# ALMA pin-points a strong over-density of U/LIRGs in the massive cluster XCS J2215 at z=1.46

## TL;DR

This study uses ALMA and VLT observations to identify a significant over-density of luminous infrared galaxies in the z=1.46 cluster XCS J2215, revealing insights into their star formation and gas properties within a young cluster environment.

## Contribution

First high-resolution millimeter observations of a z=1.46 cluster reveal a strong over-density of U/LIRGs and their properties, linking them to early-type galaxy progenitors.

## Key findings

- 80% of millimetre sources are cluster members
- Star-forming galaxies have expected dynamical masses
- Environmental effects may reduce gas reservoirs

## Abstract

We have surveyed the core regions of the z = 1.46 cluster XCS J2215.9-1738 with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) and the MUSE-GALACSI spectrograph on the VLT. We obtained high spatial resolution observations with ALMA of the 1.2 mm dust continuum and molecular gas emission in the central regions of the cluster. These observations detect 14 significant millimetre sources in a region with a projected diameter of just ~500kpc (~1'). For six of these galaxies we also obtain 12 CO(2-1) and 12 CO(5-4) line detections, confirming them as cluster members, and a further five of our millimetre galaxies have archival 12CO(2-1) detections which also place them in the cluster. An additional two millimetre galaxies have photometric redshifts consistent with cluster membership, although neither show strong line emission in the MUSE spectra. This suggests that the bulk (> 11/14, ~80%) of the submillimetre sources in the field are in fact luminous infrared galaxies lying within this young cluster. We then use our sensitive new observations to constrain the dust-obscured star formation activity and cold molecular gas within this cluster. We find hints that the cooler dust and gas components within these galaxies may have been influenced by their environment reducing the gas reservoir available for their subsequent star formation. We also find that these actively star- forming galaxies have the dynamical masses and stellar population ages expected for the progenitors of massive, early-type galaxies in local clusters potentially linking these populations.