# Solar energetic particle catalogs: assumptions, uncertainties and validity of reports

## TL;DR

This paper reviews the assumptions, uncertainties, and methodological differences in solar energetic particle catalogs, highlighting how these factors influence statistical analyses and correlations with solar origins.

## Contribution

It systematically compares various SEP catalogs to identify how definitions and criteria affect statistical outcomes and correlations.

## Key findings

- Different SEP catalog definitions lead to varying correlation coefficients.
- Selection criteria significantly influence SEP parameter evaluations.
- Methodological differences impact the interpretation of SEP-solar origin relationships.

## Abstract

The aim of this work is to summarize the main underlying assumptions, simplifications and uncertainties while studying solar energetic particles (SEPs). In general, numerous definitions are used for the evaluation of a given SEP parameter and these different methods lead to different outcomes for a given particle event. Several catalogs of SEP events from various instruments are currently available; however, each catalog is specific to the adopted data and analysis. We investigate the differences while comparing several SEP catalogs and outline probable reasons. We focus on SEP statistical studies and quantify the influences of the particle intensity magnitude, solar origin location and projection effects. We found that different definitions and criteria used for these parameters change the values of the correlation coefficients between the SEPs and their solar origin.