# Phase-space mixing in dynamically unstable, integrable few-mode quantum systems

## TL;DR

This paper investigates phase-space mixing and relaxation dynamics in quantum few-mode systems that are classically integrable but become dynamically unstable after a quench, using analytical methods and numerical simulations.

## Contribution

It provides analytical expressions for observable dynamics and long-time limits in unstable, integrable quantum systems, validated by numerical simulations.

## Key findings

- Long-time expectation value deviation scales as 1/ln(N).
- Observable relaxation is a Gaussian-damped oscillation.
- Results confirmed by numerical TWA simulations.

## Abstract

Quenches in isolated quantum systems are currently a subject of intense study. Here, we consider quantum few-mode systems that are integrable in their classical mean-field limit and become dynamically unstable after a quench of a system parameter. Specifically, we study a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in a double-well potential and an antiferromagnetic spinor BEC constrained to a single spatial mode. We study the time dynamics after the quench within the truncated Wigner approximation (TWA) and find that system relaxes to a steady state due to phase-space mixing. Using the action-angle formalism and a pendulum as an illustration, we derive general analytical expressions for the time evolution of expectation values of observables and their long-time limits. We find that the deviation of the long-time expectation value from its classical value scales as $1/O(\ln N )$, where $N$ is the number of atoms in the condensate. Furthermore, the relaxation of an observable to its steady state value is a damped oscillation and the damping is Gaussian in time. We confirm our results with numerical TWA simulations.