# Metallicity calibrations for dwarf stars and giants in the Geneva photometric system

## TL;DR

This paper develops new metallicity calibrations for dwarf and giant stars in the Geneva photometric system, achieving high precision and creating extensive metallicity catalogs for stars and open clusters.

## Contribution

It introduces novel metallicity calibrations for a wide range of stars in the Geneva system, validated with open cluster data and combined with other datasets for large-scale stellar metallicity cataloging.

## Key findings

- Calibration accuracy below 0.1 dex for individual stars
- Open cluster metallicities with scatter as low as 0.03 dex
- Catalog of over 3000 F and G-type stars with ~0.06 dex precision

## Abstract

We use the most homogeneous $Geneva$ seven-colour photometric system to derive new metallicity calibrations for early A- to K-type stars that cover both, dwarf stars and giants. The calibrations are based on several spectroscopic data sets that were merged to a common scale, and we applied them to open cluster data to obtain an additional proof of the metallicity scale and accuracy. In total, metallicities of 54 open clusters are presented. The accuracy of the calibrations for single stars is in general below 0.1 dex, but for the open cluster sample with mean values based on several stars we find a much better precision, a scatter as low as about 0.03 dex. Furthermore, we combine the new results with another comprehensive photometric data set to present a catalogue of mean metallicities for more than 3000 F and G-type dwarf stars with $\sigma \sim 0.06$ dex. The list was extended by more than 1200 hotter stars up to about 8500 K (or spectral type A3) by taking advantage of their almost reddening free characteristic in the new $Geneva$ metallicity calibrations. These two large samples are well suited as primary or secondary calibrators of other data, and we already identified about 20 spectroscopic data sets that show offsets up to about 0.4 dex.