# Information transmission on hybrid networks

## TL;DR

This paper analyzes how hybrid networks with fixed and mobile nodes transmit information, identifying phase transitions, optimal node speeds, and methods to enhance network capacity for future communication systems.

## Contribution

It introduces a model of hybrid networks with fixed and mobile nodes, revealing phase transitions and proposing optimization strategies for network capacity.

## Key findings

- Identified a critical packet generation rate for phase transition.
- Determined the optimal speed of mobile nodes for maximum capacity.
- Enhanced network capacity through rewiring and load-aware routing.

## Abstract

Many real-world communication networks often have hybrid nature with both fixed nodes and moving modes, such as the mobile phone networks mainly composed of fixed base stations and mobile phones. In this paper, we discuss the information transmission process on the hybrid networks with both fixed and mobile nodes. The fixed nodes (base stations) are connected as a spatial lattice on the plane forming the information-carrying backbone, while the mobile nodes (users), which are the sources and destinations of information packets, connect to their current nearest fixed nodes respectively to deliver and receive information packets. We observe the phase transition of traffic load in the hybrid network when the packet generation rate goes from below and then above a critical value, which measures the network capacity of packets delivery. We obtain the optimal speed of moving nodes leading to the maximum network capacity. We further improve the network capacity by rewiring the fixed nodes and by considering the current load of fixed nodes during packets transmission. Our purpose is to optimize the network capacity of hybrid networks from the perspective of network science, and provide some insights for the construction of future communication infrastructures.