# Pulsations of intermediate-mass stars on the asymptotic giant branch

## TL;DR

This study models pulsations of intermediate-mass stars on the asymptotic giant branch, revealing their pulsation modes, periods, and period changes during thermal pulses, with implications for stellar evolution understanding.

## Contribution

It provides detailed pulsation characteristics of AGB stars across different initial masses and thermal pulse stages, using radiation hydrodynamics and turbulent convection models.

## Key findings

- Early AGB stars pulsate in the fundamental mode with 30-400 day periods.
- Thermally pulsing AGB stars show mode variations depending on initial mass.
- Period change rates are small but vary during thermal pulses.

## Abstract

Evolutionary tracks from the zero age main sequence to the asymptotic giant branch were computed for stars with initial masses 2M_\odot <= Mzams <= 5M_\odot and metallicity Z=0.02. Some models of evolutionary sequences were used as initial conditions for equations of radiation hydrodynamics and turbulent convection describing radial stellar pulsations. The early asymptotic giant branch stars are shown to pulsate in the fundamental mode with periods from 30 to 400 day. The rate of period change gradually increases as the star evolves but is too small to be detected (d ln P/dt < 1.e-5 yr^-1). Pulsation properties of thermally pulsing AGB stars are investigated on time intervals comprising 17 thermal pulses for evolutionary sequences with intial masses Mzams=2M_\odot and 3M_\odot and 6 thermal pulses for Mzams=4M_\odot and 5M_\odot. TP-AGB stars with initial masses Mzams<=3M_\odot pulsate either in the fundamental mode or in the first overtone, whereas more massive red giants (Mzams>=4M_\odot) pulsate in the fundamental mode with periods as long as 1.e3 day. Most rapid pulsation period change with rate -0.02 < d ln P/dt < -0.01 yr^-1 occurs during decrease of the surface luminosity after the maximum helium luminosity. The rate of subsequent increase of the period is d ln P/dt <= 5.e-3 yr^-1.