# X-Ray bright optically faint active galactic nuclei in the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam wide survey

## TL;DR

This study identifies and characterizes a sample of X-ray bright, optically faint active galactic nuclei using multi-wavelength data, revealing their dust obscuration, redshifts, and classification as type 2 quasars.

## Contribution

It presents a new sample of optically faint, X-ray bright AGNs with detailed spectral energy distribution and X-ray spectral analysis, highlighting their dust obscuration and redshift distribution.

## Key findings

- Most sources are dust-obscured, star-forming, or type 2 AGNs.
- Optical faintness is due to redshift, dust extinction, and dust/gas ratio.
- 20 objects are classified as type 2 quasars.

## Abstract

We construct a sample of X-ray bright optically faint active galactic nuclei by combining Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam, XMM-Newton, and infrared source catalogs. 53 X-ray sources satisfying i band magnitude fainter than 23.5 mag and X-ray counts with EPIC-PN detector larger than 70 are selected from 9.1 deg^2, and their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and X-ray spectra are analyzed. 44 objects with an X-ray to i-band flux ratio F_X/F_i>10 are classified as extreme X-ray-to-optical flux sources. SEDs of 48 among 53 are represented by templates of type 2 AGNs or starforming galaxies and show signature of stellar emission from host galaxies in the optical in the source rest frame. Infrared/optical SEDs indicate significant contribution of emission from dust to infrared fluxes and that the central AGN is dust obscured. Photometric redshifts determined from the SEDs are in the range of 0.6-2.5. X-ray spectra are fitted by an absorbed power law model, and the intrinsic absorption column densities are modest (best-fit log N_H = 20.5-23.5 cm^-2 in most cases). The absorption corrected X-ray luminosities are in the range of 6x10^42 - 2x10^45 erg s^-1. 20 objects are classified as type 2 quasars based on X-ray luminsosity and N_H. The optical faintness is explained by a combination of redshifts (mostly z>1.0), strong dust extinction, and in part a large ratio of dust/gas.