# Time-Dependent Perpendicular Transport of Energetic Particles in Magnetic Turbulence with Transverse Complexity

## TL;DR

This paper provides an analytical, time-dependent model of energetic particle transport in magnetic turbulence with transverse structure, demonstrating how transverse complexity restores diffusion without collisions.

## Contribution

It introduces a full time-dependent analytical framework for particle transport in magnetic turbulence with transverse complexity, highlighting the transition from sub-diffusion to diffusion.

## Key findings

- Transverse turbulence structure restores diffusion in energetic particle transport.
- Criteria for sub-diffusion and normal diffusion are systematically derived.
- Diffusion occurs even without Coulomb collisions when transverse turbulence is present.

## Abstract

The motion of energetic particles in magnetic turbulence across a mean magnetic field is explored analytically. The approach presented here allows for a full time-dependent description of the transport, including compound sub-diffusion. The first time it is shown systematically that as soon as there is transverse structure of the turbulence, diffusion is restored even if no Coulomb collisions are invoked. Criteria for sub-diffusion and normal Markovian diffusion are found as well.