The ITS-90 after definition of neon isotopic reference composition. Extent of the isotopic effect on previous inter-comparison results

TL;DR

This paper evaluates how defining a specific isotopic composition for neon impacts the accuracy of the ITS-90 temperature scale and its previous inter-comparison results, highlighting the significance of isotopic effects.

Contribution

It provides an analysis of the isotopic effect on the ITS-90 fixed points, especially neon, using historical comparison data to quantify the impact on temperature measurements.

Findings

Isotopic composition significantly affects fixed point realizations.

Differences observed in key comparisons due to isotopic effects.

Quantitative assessment of isotopic influence on temperature scale accuracy.

Abstract

Starting from the end of the past century, the importance has been recognized of the effect of isotopic composition on some of the temperature fixed points for the most accurate realizations of the ITS-90. In the original definition of the latter, dating back to 1990, only a generic reference was made to natural composition of the substances used for the realization of the fixed points, except for helium. The definition of a reference isotopic composition for three fixed points, e-H2, Ne and H2O, while eliminating the non-uniqueness of the Scale in this respect, induced detectable differences in the present and future realizations of the Scale, at the highest accuracy level, with respect to the previous realizations, when they affected the results of past key comparisons, namely the K1 and K1.1, and K2 and K2.1 to K2.5 and the related regional and supplementary ones. The paper provides evidence of the extent of this effect by using the results of the relevant key comparisons for Neon archived in the BIPM KCDB, and of other comparisons existing in the literature: 1979-1984, 2007-2012 and 2009-2010 sealed cell comparisons; and discusses the meaning and the outcomes of this evaluation.