# Elastic collision and breather formation of spatiotemporal vortex light bullets in a cubic-quintic nonlinear medium

## TL;DR

This paper investigates the behavior of 3D vortex light bullets in a cubic-quintic nonlinear medium, analyzing their stability, elastic collisions, and breather formation through analytical and numerical methods.

## Contribution

It provides a combined analytical and numerical study of the stability and collision dynamics of 3D vortex light bullets in a cubic-quintic nonlinear medium, highlighting breather formation at low velocities.

## Key findings

- Vortex bullets propagate with constant velocity and are stable.
- High-velocity collisions are quasi-elastic with minimal distortion.
- Low-velocity collisions result in coalescence into breathers.

## Abstract

The statics and dynamics of a stable, mobile three-dimensional (3D) spatiotemporal vortex light bullet in a cubic-quintic nonlinear medium with a focusing cubic nonlinearity above a critical value and any defocusing quintic nonlinearity is considered. The present study is based on an analytic variational approximation and a full numerical solution of the 3D nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation. The 3D vortex bullet can propagate with a constant velocity. Stability of the vortex bullet is established numerically and variationally. The collision between two vortex bullets moving along the angular momentum axis is considered. At large velocities the collision is quasi elastic with the bullets emerging after collision with practically no distortion. At small velocities two bullets coalesce to form a single entity called a breather.