# Decentralized DC MicroGrid Monitoring and Optimization via Primary Control Perturbations

## TL;DR

This paper presents a decentralized method for DC MicroGrid monitoring and optimization that uses local voltage measurements and primary control perturbations, eliminating the need for external communication.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel decentralized estimation approach integrated within primary control loops for autonomous MicroGrid operation.

## Key findings

- Accurate estimation of generation capacities, load demands, and line conductances.
- Effective decentralized solution for economic dispatch.
- Validation through simulations demonstrating practical applicability.

## Abstract

We treat the emerging power systems with direct current (DC) MicroGrids, characterized with high penetration of power electronic converters. We rely on the power electronics to propose a decentralized solution for autonomous learning of and adaptation to the operating conditions of the DC Mirogrids; the goal is to eliminate the need to rely on an external communication system for such purpose. The solution works within the primary droop control loops and uses only local bus voltage measurements. Each controller is able to estimate (i) the generation capacities of power sources, (ii) the load demands, and (iii) the conductances of the distribution lines. To define a well-conditioned estimation problem, we employ decentralized strategy where the primary droop controllers temporarily switch between operating points in a coordinated manner, following amplitude-modulated training sequences. We study the use of the estimator in a decentralized solution of the Optimal Economic Dispatch problem. The evaluations confirm the usefulness of the proposed solution for autonomous MicroGrid operation.