# Black holes will break up solitons and white holes may destroy them

## TL;DR

This paper investigates how dark solitons behave in Bose-Einstein condensate models of black and white hole analogues, showing they can pass through or be destroyed by horizons, with soliton breakup after black hole interactions.

## Contribution

It introduces a reduced equation for soliton dynamics in black/white hole analogues and demonstrates their interactions through numerical and analytical methods.

## Key findings

- Solitons can pass through black hole horizons but break up into multiple solitons.
- White hole horizons can destroy solitons or allow them to pass.
- Numerical and analytical results agree on soliton behavior at horizons.

## Abstract

We consider a quantum analogue of black holes and white holes using Bose-Einstein condensates. The model is described by the nonlinear Schrodinger equation with a 'stream flow' potential, that induces a spatial translation to standing waves. We then mainly consider the dynamics of dark solitons in a black hole or white hole flow analogue and their interactions with the event horizon. A reduced equation describing the position of the dark solitons was obtained using variational method. Through numerical computations and comparisons with the analytical approximation we show that solitons can pass through black hole horizons even though they will break up into several solitons after the collision. In the interaction with a white hole horizon, we show that solitons either pass through the horizon or will be destroyed by it.