# Type-II Dirac Photons

## TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the realization of type-II Dirac points in photonic crystals using nonsymmorphic symmetry, revealing their topological properties and potential for low-loss optical applications.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel all-dielectric design that robustly hosts type-II Dirac points in photonic crystals, expanding the understanding of topological photonics.

## Key findings

- Type-II Dirac points are realized via nonsymmorphic screw symmetry.
- The emergent Dirac points exhibit nontrivial topology.
- The architecture supports low-dissipation cavity states and anomalous refraction.

## Abstract

The Dirac equation for relativistic electron waves is the parent model for Weyl and Majorana fermions as well as topological insulators. Simulation of Dirac physics in three-dimensional photonic crystals, though fundamentally important for topological phenomena at optical frequencies, encounters the challenge of synthesis of both Kramers double degeneracy and parity inversion. Here we show how type-II Dirac points---exotic Dirac relativistic waves yet to be discovered---are robustly realized through the nonsymmorphic screw symmetry. The emergent type-II Dirac points carry nontrivial topology and are the mother states of type-II Weyl points. The proposed all-dielectric architecture enables robust cavity states at photonic-crystal---air interfaces and anomalous refraction, with very low energy dissipation.