# Persistent Currents in Ferromagnetic Condensates

## TL;DR

This paper investigates the stability and energetics of persistent supercurrents in ferromagnetic Bose condensates with multicomponent order parameters, revealing transitions between different current-carrying states.

## Contribution

It introduces a long wavelength energy functional for ferromagnetic condensates and analyzes the transition between spin helix and soliton-like states using analogies to elastic rods.

## Key findings

- Current states transition between spin helix and soliton configurations.
- Energy landscape features minima and maxima corresponding to different spin textures.
- Relevance to ultracold atom experiments is discussed.

## Abstract

Persistent currents in Bose condensates with a scalar order parameter are stabilized by the topology of the order parameter manifold. In condensates with multicomponent order parameters it is topologically possible for supercurrents to `unwind' without leaving the manifold. We study the energetics of this process in the case of ferromagnetic condensates using a long wavelength energy functional that includes both the superfluid and spin stiffnesses. Exploiting analogies to an elastic rod and rigid body motion, we show that the current carrying state in a 1D ring geometry transitions between a spin helix in the energy minima and a soliton-like configuration at the maxima. The relevance to recent experiments in ultracold atoms is briefly discussed.