# Probing dynamics of dark energy with latest observations

## TL;DR

This paper tests the standard cosmological model against recent observations, finds hints of dark energy evolution, and forecasts that future surveys could decisively detect such dynamics with high confidence.

## Contribution

It introduces a combined analysis of observational data to probe dark energy dynamics and forecasts the potential of upcoming surveys to confirm these findings.

## Key findings

- Current data mildly favor evolving dark energy.
- Different observational datasets are in tension within the $ ext{Lambda}$CDM model.
- Future surveys like DESI could detect dark energy evolution at 7σ confidence.

## Abstract

We examine the validity of the $\Lambda$CDM model, and probe for the dynamics of dark energy using latest astronomical observations. Using the $Om(z)$ diagnosis, we find that different kinds of observational data are in tension within the $\Lambda$CDM framework. We then allow for dynamics of dark energy and investigate the constraint on dark energy parameters. We find that for two different kinds of parametrisations of the equation of state parameter $w$, a combination of current data mildly favours an evolving $w$, although the significance is not sufficient for it to be supported by the Bayesian evidence. A forecast of the DESI survey shows that the dynamics of dark energy could be detected at $7\sigma$ confidence level, and will be decisively supported by the Bayesian evidence, if the best fit model of $w$ derived from current data is the true model.