# Heavy-heavy and heavy-light quarks interactions generated by QCD vacuum

## TL;DR

This paper investigates how QCD vacuum instantons induce interactions between heavy and light quarks, affecting quark masses, potentials, and meson properties, revealing the role of instantons in non-perturbative QCD phenomena.

## Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of instanton-induced interactions between heavy and light quarks and their impact on quark masses, potentials, and meson mass splittings.

## Key findings

- Dynamical light quark mass M = 365 MeV
- Instanton contribution to heavy quark mass ΔM=70 MeV
- Effects on charmonia masses and hyperfine splittings

## Abstract

The QCD vacuum is populated by instantons that correspond to the tunneling processes in the vacuum. This mechanism creates the strong vacuum gluon fields. As result, the QCD vacuum instantons induce very strong interactions between light quarks, initially almost massless. Such a strong interactions bring a large dynamical mass M of the light quarks and bound them to produce almost massless pions in accordance with the spontaneous breaking of the chiral symmetry (SBCS). On the other hand, the QCD vacuum instantons also interact with heavy quarks and responsible for the generation of the heavy-heavy and heavy-light quarks interactions, with a traces of the SBCS. If we take the average instanton size \rho=0.33 fm, and the average inter-instanton distance R=1 fm we obtain the dynamical light quark mass to be M = 365 MeV and the instanton media contribution to the heavy quark mass \Delta M=70 MeV. These factors define the coupling between heavy-light and heavy-heavy quarks induced by the QCD vacuum instantons. We consider first the instanton effects on the heavy-heavy quarks potential, including its spin-dependent part. We also discuss those effects on the masses of the charmonia and their hyperfine mass splittings. At the second part we discuss the interaction between a heavy and light quarks generated by instantons and it's effects.