# Theory of 2D crystals: graphene and beyond

## TL;DR

This tutorial review provides an overview of the theoretical foundations of 2D crystals, including graphene and emerging materials, highlighting models and potential applications in quantum control, exciton confinement, and superconductivity.

## Contribution

It offers a comprehensive theoretical framework for understanding various 2D materials and discusses new possibilities for manipulating their quantum and electronic properties.

## Key findings

- Minimal models for 2D materials are presented.
- Potential for quantum control and strain engineering is discussed.
- New superconducting phases in 2D materials are explored.

## Abstract

This tutorial review presents an overview of the basic theoretical aspects of two-dimensional (2D) crystals. We revise essential aspects of graphene and the new families of semiconducting 2D materials, like transition metal dichalcogenides or black phosphorus. Minimal theoretical models for various materials are presented. Some of the exciting new possibilities offered by 2D crystals are discussed, such as manipulation and control of quantum degrees of freedom (spin and pseudospin), confinement of excitons, control of the electronic and optical properties with strain engineering, or unconventional superconducting phases.