# Verifying Patterns of Dynamic Architectures using Model Checking

## TL;DR

This paper presents a model checking approach to verify the correctness of architecture patterns for dynamic systems, revealing ambiguities and missing constraints to ensure desired properties.

## Contribution

It introduces a formal verification method for dynamic architecture patterns, demonstrating its effectiveness on well-known patterns and uncovering specification flaws.

## Key findings

- Model checking verifies pattern specifications effectively.
- Ambiguities and missing constraints were found in three key patterns.
- Verifying patterns helps prevent architectural flaws in system design.

## Abstract

Architecture patterns capture architectural design experience and provide abstract solutions to recurring architectural design problems. They consist of a description of component types and restrict component connection and activation. Therefore, they guarantee some desired properties for architectures employing the pattern. Unfortunately, most documented patterns do not provide a formal guarantee of whether their specification indeed leads to the desired guarantee. Failure in doing so, however, might lead to wrong architectures, i.e., architectures wrongly supposed to show certain desired properties. Since architectures, in general, have a high impact on the quality of the resulting system and architectural flaws are only difficult, if not to say impossible, to repair, this may lead to badly reparable quality issues in the resulting system. To address this problem, we propose an approach based on model checking to verify pattern specifications w.r.t. their guarantees. In the following we apply the approach to three well-known patterns for dynamic architectures: the Singleton, the Model-View-Controller, and the Broker pattern. Thereby, we discovered ambiguities and missing constraints for all three specifications. Thus, we conclude that verifying patterns of dynamic architectures using model checking is feasible and useful to discover ambiguities and flaws in pattern specifications.