Distributed Scheduling in Wireless Powered Communication Network: Protocol Design and Performance Analysis

TL;DR

This paper introduces a distributed scheduling protocol for wireless powered communication networks that efficiently manages energy and data transmissions, reducing control overhead and improving throughput in large, dynamic networks.

Contribution

It proposes a novel distributed scheduling protocol using energy request buzz and CSMA, along with an energy queueing model for throughput analysis, addressing limitations of centralized methods.

Findings

The protocol achieves good throughput performance in simulations.

Distributed scheduling reduces control signaling overhead.

Design insights differ from traditional networks with unlimited energy.

Abstract

Wireless powered communication network (WPCN) is a novel networking paradigm that uses radio frequency (RF) wireless energy transfer (WET) technology to power the information transmissions of wireless devices (WDs). When energy and information are transferred in the same frequency band, a major design issue is transmission scheduling to avoid interference and achieve high communication performance. Commonly used centralized scheduling methods in WPCN may result in high control signaling overhead and thus are not suitable for wireless networks constituting a large number of WDs with random locations and dynamic operations. To tackle this issue, we propose in this paper a distributed scheduling protocol for energy and information transmissions in WPCN. Specifically, we allow a WD that is about to deplete its battery to broadcast an energy request buzz (ERB), which triggers WET from its associated hybrid access point (HAP) to recharge the battery. If no ERB is sent, the WDs contend to transmit data to the HAP using the conventional $p$-persistent CSMA (carrier sensing multiple access). In particular, we propose an energy queueing model based on an energy decoupling property to derive the throughput performance. Our analysis is verified through simulations under practical network parameters, which demonstrate good throughput performance of the distributed scheduling protocol and reveal some interesting design insights that are different from conventional contention-based communication network assuming the WDs are powered with unlimited energy supplies.