Individual Dynamical Masses of Ultracool Dwarfs
Trent J. Dupuy (UT Austin), Michael C. Liu (IfA/Hawaii)
TL;DR
This study provides precise individual masses, distances, and orbital parameters for 31 ultracool binaries, validating evolutionary models, establishing a substellar boundary, and offering insights into their age distribution and orbital characteristics.
Contribution
It offers the first comprehensive set of dynamical masses for ultracool binaries, tests substellar models, and introduces a mass-calibrated spectral type-temperature relation.
Findings
38 precise individual masses measured
Validation of Baraffe et al. (2015) models for lithium-depletion boundary
Discovery of two triple-brown-dwarf systems
Abstract
We present the full results of our decade-long astrometric monitoring programs targeting 31 ultracool binaries with component spectral types M7-T5. Joint analysis of resolved imaging from Keck Observatory and Hubble Space Telescope and unresolved astrometry from CFHT/WIRCam yields parallactic distances for all systems, robust orbit determinations for 23 systems, and photocenter orbits for 19 systems. As a result, we measure 38 precise individual masses spanning 30-115 . We determine a model-independent substellar boundary that is 70 in mass (L4 in spectral type), and we validate Baraffe et al. (2015) evolutionary model predictions for the lithium-depletion boundary (60 at field ages). Assuming each binary is coeval, we test models of the substellar mass-luminosity relation and find that in the L/T transition, only the Saumon &…
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Taxonomy
TopicsStellar, planetary, and galactic studies · Astronomy and Astrophysical Research