# Exploring the Combination Rules of D Numbers From a Perspective of Conflict Redistribution

## TL;DR

This paper introduces two new combination rules for D numbers, a model that extends Dempster-Shafer theory, addressing limitations in conflict handling and broadening uncertainty representation capabilities.

## Contribution

It proposes novel combination rules for D numbers based on conflict redistribution, applicable in various situations, and capable of reducing to classical Dempster's rule under specific conditions.

## Key findings

- Proposed two D number combination rules suitable for different scenarios.
- Rules can reduce to Dempster's rule under certain conditions.
- Numerical examples demonstrate effectiveness of the rules.

## Abstract

Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence is widely applied to uncertainty modelling and knowledge reasoning because of its advantages in dealing with uncertain information. But some conditions or requirements, such as exclusiveness hypothesis and completeness constraint, limit the development and application of that theory to a large extend. To overcome the shortcomings and enhance its capability of representing the uncertainty, a novel model, called D numbers, has been proposed recently. However, many key issues, for example how to implement the combination of D numbers, remain unsolved. In the paper, we have explored the combination of D Numbers from a perspective of conflict redistribution, and proposed two combination rules being suitable for different situations for the fusion of two D numbers. The proposed combination rules can reduce to the classical Dempster's rule in Dempster-Shafer theory under a certain conditions. Numerical examples and discussion about the proposed rules are also given in the paper.