# Floquet quantum simulation with superconducting qubits

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a Floquet-based quantum simulation method using superconducting qubits to emulate spin models, offering a resource-efficient approach for programmable quantum simulators.

## Contribution

It develops a Floquet theory-based algorithm for simulating XYZ spin models with superconducting qubits, including a practical recipe for implementing the transverse Ising model.

## Key findings

- Numerical demonstration of simulating the transverse Ising model.
- Benchmarking shows advantages over digital simulation with limited resources.
- Protocol is feasible with current superconducting chip technology.

## Abstract

We propose a quantum algorithm for simulating spin models based on periodic modulation of transmon qubits. Using Floquet theory we derive an effective time-averaged Hamiltonian, which is of the general XYZ class, different from the isotropic XY Hamiltonian typically realised by the physical setup. As an example, we provide a simple recipe to construct a transverse Ising Hamiltonian in the Floquet basis. For a 1D system we demonstrate numerically the dynamical simulation of the transverse Ising Hamiltonian and quantum annealing to its ground state. We benchmark the Floquet approach with a digital simulation procedure, and demonstrate that it is advantageous for limited resources and finite anharmonicity of the transmons. The described protocol can serve as a simple yet reliable path towards configurable quantum simulators with currently existing superconducting chips.