Correlations and fluctuations of the gauge topology at finite temperatures

TL;DR

This paper investigates the behavior of instanton-dyons, topological solutions in Yang-Mills theory, at finite temperatures, analyzing their correlations and fluctuations across phase transitions in QCD.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the correlations and fluctuations of instanton-dyons in QCD at finite temperatures, extending understanding of topological effects across phase transitions.

Findings

Correlation lengths correspond to finite-temperature hadronic masses

Analysis covers both below and above the deconfinement-chiral transition

Fluctuations of global charges are characterized in sub-volumes

Abstract

Instanton-dyons are topological solitons -- solutions of Yang-Mills equations -- which appear at non-trivial expectation value of $A_0$ at nonzero temperatures. Using the ensembles of those, generated in our previous work, for 2-color and 2-flavor QCD, below and above the deconfinement-chiral phase transition, we study the correlations between them, as well as fluctuations of several global charges in the sub-volumes of the total volume. The determined correlation lengths are the finite-$T$ extension of hadronic masses, such as that of $\eta'$ meson.