Dissipative Soliton Fiber Lasers with Higher-Order Nonlinearity, Multiphoton Absorption and Emission, and Random Dispersion

TL;DR

This paper investigates the formation and stability of dissipative solitons in fiber lasers with complex nonlinearities, multiphoton effects, and random dispersion, revealing conditions for robust operation and new mechanisms for soliton support.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive model including higher-order nonlinearities, multiphoton processes, and random dispersion, demonstrating stable dissipative solitons under these conditions.

Findings

Stable dissipative solitons can exist despite random GVD.

Quintic gain via three-photon emission supports stable solitons.

Interactions can lead to breather states and soliton mergers.

Abstract

We study the generation of dissipative solitons (DSs) in the model of the fiber-laser cavities under the combined action of cubic-quintic nonlinearity, multiphoton absorption and/or multiphoton emission (nonlinear gain) and gain dispersion. A random component of the group-velocity dispersion (GVD) is included too. The DS creation and propagation is studied by means of a variational approximation and direct simulations, which are found to be in reasonable agreement. With a proper choice of the gain, robust DS operation regimes are predicted for different combinations of multiphoton absorption and emission, in spite of the presence of the perturbation in the form of the random GVD. Importantly, the zero background around the solitons remains stable in the presence of the (necessary) linear gain. The solitons are stable too against a certain (realistic) level of noise. Another essential finding is that the quintic gain in the form of three-photon emission (3PE) offers an alternative mechanism for supporting stable solitons, provided that it is not too strong. The DSs coexist in low- and high amplitude forms, for a given value of their width. The low-amplitude DS is stable, while its high-amplitude counterpart is subject to the blowup instability, in the presence of the 3PE. Interactions between DSs show various scenarios of the creation of breather states through merger of the two solitons.