On special Lagrangian fibrations in generic twistor families of K3 surfaces
Nicolas Bergeron, Carlos Matheus

TL;DR
This paper refines the understanding of the distribution of special Lagrangian fibrations in generic twistor families of K3 surfaces, providing a more precise error term in their counting formula.
Contribution
It improves the error estimate in the asymptotic count of special Lagrangian fibrations, showing that the decay rate can be arbitrarily close to zero.
Findings
The number of fibrations grows as a constant times V^{20}.
The error term can be made arbitrarily small, specifically any positive number less than 4/697633.
The result enhances the precision of asymptotic counts in geometric analysis of K3 surfaces.
Abstract
Filip showed that there are constants and such that the number of special Lagrangian fibrations of volume in a generic twistor family of K3 surfaces is . In this note, we show that can be taken to be any number .
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Taxonomy
TopicsGeometric Analysis and Curvature Flows · Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory · Geometry and complex manifolds
An explicit error term in Theorem A
Nicolas Bergeron
Nicolas Bergeron: Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Institut de Mathématiques de Jussieu, CNRS (UMR 7586), 4, place Jussieu 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
and
Carlos Matheus
Carlos Matheus: CMLS, École Polytechnique, CNRS (UMR 7640), 91128 Palaiseau, France
1. Introduction
Recall that Theorem A above ensures the existence of a constant such that the number of sLag fibrations with volume in a generic twistor family of K3 surfaces is
[TABLE]
where is the ratio of volumes of two concrete homogenous spaces.
The goal of this appendix is to prove that can be taken to be :
Theorem 1.1**.**
In the same setting as Theorem A above, one actually has
[TABLE]
for all .
2. Reduction of Theorem 1.1 to dynamics in homogenous spaces
Filip derived his counting formula (1.1) from certain equidistribution results. More precisely, let be a lattice isomorphic to , where is a K3 surface. Fix a positive-definite 3-plane. Denote by the set of primitive isotropic integral vectors and fix . For each , let with and . Consider the orthogonal group , the lattice and the maximal compact subgroup of , and, for a fixed , denote by and .
The volumes of the locally homogenous spaces and are finite. As it is observed in [3, pp. 4], the constants and in (1.1) are the constant described in [3, Theorem 3.1.3]. In particular,
[TABLE]
The constant is related to the dynamics of a certain one-parameter subgroup of . More concretely, given and as above, let be the isotropic vector given by
[TABLE]
In this context, we denote by the one-parameter subgroup defined as
[TABLE]
It is explained in [3, Subsection 3.6.9] that111Indeed, [3, pp. 29] says that the optimal choice of occurs precisely when the terms and have the same order in . the quantity in (1.1) is
[TABLE]
where are the exponents in [3, Proposition 3.5.10 (ii)], and , are the constants in the following equidistribution statement in [3, Theorem 4.3.1]:
[TABLE]
for all Sobolev scales (see [3, §4.2.2] for the definition of the Sobolev norms in this context).
A quick inspection of the proof of [3, Proposition 3.5.10 (ii)] (related to the thickening of ) reveals that the exponents depend linearly on . In fact, the constant in [3, Equation (3.5.15)] gives the power of associated to the volumes of -balls at the origin of , that is, (and, hence, independs of ). Since the -th derivative of is bounded by a multiple of and it is supported in a -neighborhood of , the -Sobolev norm of is bounded by a multiple of . Therefore,
[TABLE]
3. Equidistribution and rates of mixing
The constants and in (2.2) are described in [3, pp. 36] and they are related to the geometry of and the rate of mixing of .
3.1. Injectivity radius
We denote by the local injectivity radius at a point and we let . By [3, Proposition 4.1.3], we know that the arguments of [1, Lemma 11.2] provide a constant such that . Actually, a close inspection of these arguments (of integration over Siegel sets) reveal that in our specific setting (of ):
[TABLE]
3.2. Thickening of
Let us fix some parameter (very close to one in practice) and consider [3, Proposition 4.1.6] (of thickening of ) where it is constructed a family of smooth versions of the characteristic function of . As it turns out, is the product of two functions: is a bump function supported222In fact, Filip sets for his construction of , but any value of can be taken here: indeed, the construction of can be made as soon as the local product structure statement [3, Proposition 4.1.5] holds (and this is the case for any choice of because for all sufficiently small ). on and is a bump function supported on the -neighborhood of the identity in a certain Lie group of dimension .
The bump function is obtained by rescaling of a fixed smooth bump function on , so that its -th Sobolev norm satisfies .
The function is
[TABLE]
where is a maximal collection of points such that the balls are mutually disjoint, , , and the functions are translates of a bump function whose -th Sobolev norm is .
On one hand, since a ball of radius at a point of has volume , the cardinality of is , the arguments in [1, pp. 1928] imply that the -norm of the first derivatives of is . On the other hand, the cardinality of is and . It follows that
[TABLE]
By inserting these facts into the definition of in [3, Equation (4.1.7)], we deduce from Sobolev’s lemma that
[TABLE]
for all , that is, the constant in [3, Proposition 4.1.6 (iii)] is
[TABLE]
For later use, notice that verifies . By combining this estimate with (3.1), we get
[TABLE]
3.3. Wavefront lemma
The proof of Lemma 4.1.10 in [3] says that
[TABLE]
where is the parameter such that . Therefore, we deduce from (3.1) and Sobolev’s lemma that
[TABLE]
for all .
3.4. Reduction of equidistribution to rate of mixing
By following [3, pp. 36], let us compute the constants and in (2.2) in terms of the following quantitative mixing statement: there exists such that
[TABLE]
for all . (Here, is the normalized Haar measure.)
For this sake, we observe that (3.5) says that
[TABLE]
for .
By (3.2) and (3.3), the previous estimate implies
[TABLE]
for all .
By plugging (3.4) into the estimate above, we conclude that
[TABLE]
for all .
By taking and by optimizing333I.e., we choose so that . the value of , we obtain that
[TABLE]
for and .
Since is an arbitrary parameter, we deduce that (2.2) holds for and any choice of
[TABLE]
4. Rates of mixing and representation theory
Definition 4.1**.**
-
A unitary representation of in a (separable) Hilbert space is a morphism such that for any the map ; is continuous. If this map is smooth one says that is a -vector of . We denote by the set of -vectors of .
-
Given two vectors , we define the matrix coefficient of as the continuous map . The coefficient is said to be -finite if both the vector spaces generated by and are finite dimensional.
-
Let be the infimum of the set of real numbers such that all -finite matrix coefficients of are in .
-
Say that a unitary representation of is weakly contained in if any matrix coefficient of can be obtained as the limit, with respect to the topology of uniform convergence on compact subsets, of a sequence of matrix coefficients of .
Given an element , we write . The Harish-Chandra function is defined by
[TABLE]
where is half the sum of the positive restricted roots counting multiplicities. The Harish-Chandra function decreases exponentially fast along ; modulo a polynomial factor of a logarithmic argument, it decreases like .
Let be the dimension of and fix a basis of the Lie algebra of . Given a smooth vector we set
[TABLE]
where varies among all monomials in elements of of degree and, if are elements of , we have and each acts by derivation.
Proposition 4.2**.**
For all positive and , there exists a constant such that if is a unitary representation of with , then for all and for all positive we have:
[TABLE]
where and is the infinitesimal generator of the one-parameter subgroup .
Proof.
Up to replacing by the tensor product we may suppose that ; see [2, p. 108]. It then follows from [2, Theorem 1] that is weakly contained in the (right) regular representation . We are then reduced to prove the proposition in the case where is the regular representation of (and ); see the proof of [2, Theorem 2] for more details on this last reduction.
Now consider and in . The functions
[TABLE]
are both positive and -invariant, and we have:
[TABLE]
Now the Sobolev lemma (see [5, Proposition 2.6]) implies that the norms of and can be estimated in terms of their Sobolev norms along . More precisely: there exists a constant such that the for all ,
[TABLE]
Integrating over (here we assume for simplicity that the measure of is ) one concludes that and similarly for . It remains to prove that there exists a constant such that if are two -invariant, positive functions of norm , then
[TABLE]
First it follows from the computations of [2, pp. 106-107] that
[TABLE]
Now recall that, up to “polynomial factors of logarithmic arguments”, the function decreases like . The proposition follows. ∎
We shall apply this proposition to the (quasi-)regular representation of in the subspace of that is orthogonal to the space of constant functions. It follows from [4] that . Proposition 4.2 therefore applies with . Note that in our case .
Now let and be two smooth functions in then
[TABLE]
and we have:
[TABLE]
From Proposition 4.2 and the fact that we conclude that
[TABLE]
for any and any .
5. End of proof of Theorem 1.1
The explicit value of announced in Theorem 1.1 can be easily derived from the discussion above. Indeed, we just saw in Section 4 that and . Because and , we deduce from (3.6) that and
[TABLE]
Finally, by inserting these informations into (2.3) and (2.1), we conclude that
[TABLE]
The reference list from the paper itself. Each links out to its DOI / PubMed record.
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- 2[2] M. Cowling, U. Haagerup and R. Howe, Almost L 2 superscript 𝐿 2 L^{2} matrix coefficients , J. Reine Angew. Math. 387 (1988), p.97–110.
- 3[3] S. Filip, Counting special Lagrangian fibrations in twistor families of K 3 surfaces , Preprint (2016) available at ar Xiv:161208684.
- 4[4] J.-S. Li, The Minimal Decay of Matrix Coefficients for Classical Groups , in Harmonic Analysis in China Volume 327 of the series Mathematics and Its Applications pp 146-169.
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